Adenoviruses are medium-sized (90–100 nm), nonenveloped (naked) icosahedral viruses composed of a nucleocapsid and a double-stranded linear DNA genome. There are 55 described serotypes in humans, which are responsible for 5–10% of upper respiratory infections in children, and many infections in adults as well.
Viruses of the family Adenoviridae infect various species of vertebrates, including humans. Adenoviruses were first isolated in human adenoids, from which the name is derived, and are classified as group I under the Baltimore classification scheme.
Most infections with adenovirus result in infections of the upper respiratory tract. Adenovirus infections often show up as conjunctivitis,tonsilitis (which may look exactly like strep throat and cannot be distinguished from strep except by throat culture), an ear infection, or croup. Adenoviruses can also cause gastroenteritis (stomach flu). A combination of conjunctivitis and tonsilitis is particularly common with adenovirus infections. Some children (especially small ones) can develop adenovirus bronchiolitis or pneumonia, both of which can be severe.
In babies, adenoviruses can also cause coughing fits that look almost exactly like whooping cough. Adenoviruses can also cause viral meningitis or encephalitis. Rarely, adenovirus can cause hemorrhagic cystitis (inflammation of the urinary bladder—a form of urinary tract infection — with blood in the urine).
Most people recover from adenovirus infections by themselves, but people with immunodeficiency sometimes die of adenovirus infections, and — rarely — even previously healthy people can die of these infections.[9]
Adenoviruses are often transmitted by coughed-out droplets, but can also be transmitted by contact with an infected person, or by virus particles left on objects such as towels and faucet handles. Some people with adenovirus gastroenteritis may shed the virus in their stools for months after getting over the symptoms.
The virus can be passed from one person to another through some sexual practices, and through water in swimming pools that do not have enough chlorine in them. As with many other illnesses, good handwashing is one way to lessen the spread of adenoviruses from one person to another. Heat and bleach will kill adenoviruses on objects.
KUALA LUMPUR 16 Mac – Larangan lawatan ahli keluarga pelatih Pusat Latihan Polis (Pulapol) yang dirawat di hospital akibat jangkitan virus ”Adenovirus” bukan datang daripada Pulapol, sebaliknya dari Kementerian Kesihatan.
Komandan Pulapol, SAC Zulkifli Mohamed berkata, pihaknya menerima nasihat daripada Kementerian Kesihatan untuk disebarkan kepada keluarga berkenaan bahawa mereka tidak dibenarkan melawat pelatih di Hospital Kuala Lumpur (HKL) dan Sungai Buloh bagi mengelakkan penularan penyakit di kalangan anggota keluarga.
"Kepada pihak keluarga kita minta beri kerjasama dengan arahan Kementerian Kesihatan,” katanya pada sidang media di sini hari ini.
Bagaimanapun, katanya, setiap pelatih tetap diberi kebenaran untuk menghubungi anggota keluarga terdekat untuk memaklumkan mengenai tahap kesihatan mereka.
"Namun, sekiranya ada urusan yang memaksa mereka untuk melakukan lawatan ke atas pelatih-pelatih ini, kita akan pertimbangkan juga,” katanya.
Katanya lagi, sehingga pukul 8 pagi ini, seramai 40 pelatih, 34 di HKL dan enam lagi di Sungai Buloh telah direkodkan. – Bernama
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